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178 Ocean poems
About poems of the sea
The sea gets used for two incompatible jobs in English poetry and it is worth knowing which one you are reading. It is either the sublime — vast, indifferent, a way of making a speaker small — or it is a workplace, with weather, wages and drowning in it.
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Matthew Arnold's "Dover Beach" is the sublime version at its most consequential: the tide going out becomes the retreat of faith itself, and the poem's answer to that is two people agreeing to be true to one another. Nobody has bettered that ending.
Derek Walcott is the necessary corrective, writing the Caribbean sea as history rather than scenery — a place with the Middle Passage in it, not a metaphor for feeling. Read him against Arnold and the genre stops being about awe and starts being about who is standing on which shore.
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- Matthew Arnold — "Dover Beach" — the tide as the retreat of belief.
- Derek Walcott — The sea as history, not scenery.
- Elizabeth Bishop — Exact, unmystical, and better for it.
- Walt Whitman — The sea as the place the self dissolves into.
